What is the greatest factor that affects the intensity of wake turbulence?

The weight of the aircraft is the greatest factor that affects the intensity of wake turbulence. Wake turbulence is created when an aircraft generates lift, which results in the formation of vortices at the wingtips. The strength of these vortices is directly related to the weight of the aircraft; heavier aircraft produce more powerful and longer-lasting vortices compared to lighter ones. Consequently, the greater the weight, the more significant the wake turbulence, which can pose safety risks to following aircraft, especially smaller ones that may be more susceptible to the effects of those vortices.

Understanding this principle is crucial for both pilots and air traffic controllers, as it influences flight separation distances and approaches to landing or takeoff, ensuring safety in the busy airspace system. While factors like aircraft size, weather conditions, and flight speed do play roles in determining the overall behavior of wake turbulence, it is the weight of the aircraft that predominantly dictates the strength and potential hazard of these turbulent flows.