Which satellite-based navigation system component uses a large database to allow routes to be preprogrammed?

The FMS (Flight Management System) computer is designed to utilize a comprehensive database that contains a multitude of information, including navigation routes, waypoints, and instrument approaches. This large database allows pilots to preprogram their routes before flight. The FMS can then calculate the most efficient paths, manage fuel consumption, and enhance situational awareness by providing guidance throughout the flight.

In contrast, the GPS receiver primarily functions by interpreting signals from satellites to determine the aircraft’s position, speed, and altitude in real-time, without the extensive preprogramming capabilities provided by a broader system like the FMS. ATC radar is used for tracking and managing aircraft within controlled airspace and does not involve route preprogramming. VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range) stations provide navigational aids for pilots but do not store or manage routing information in the way an FMS does.